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Verbals
Gerunds
What is a Gerund?
A gerund is the -ing form of a verb used as a noun. It can be the subject, object, or complement of a sentence. Certain verbs must be followed by a gerund — not an infinitive.
Formation and Use
Form
base verb + -ing (e.g., working, studying, managing)
As subject
Travelling frequently is part of this role.
As object
She enjoys leading cross-functional teams.
After prepositions
He is responsible for managing the budget.
Verbs + gerund ONLY
enjoy, avoid, consider, finish, keep, recommend, suggest, mind, deny, risk, practise, admit, delay, involve
Example Sentences
The CFO recommended upgrading the IT infrastructure before year-end.
We should avoid making the same mistake twice.
She enjoys leading the weekly team briefings.
They considered outsourcing the development work.
He keeps postponing the performance review.
The policy involves submitting a written request.
Attending the training is mandatory for all new staff.
She denied leaking the confidential information.
The manager suggested holding the event in Q3.
I appreciate you taking the time to review the proposal.
Common Mistakes
We should avoid to make the same mistake.
We should avoid making the same mistake.
'Avoid' must be followed by a gerund, never an infinitive.
She enjoys to lead the team.
She enjoys leading the team.
'Enjoy' requires a gerund (-ing form) as its object.
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