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Conditionals
Zero Conditional
Zero Conditional
The Zero Conditional expresses general truths, scientific facts, and automatic consequences — things that are always true when a certain condition is met. Both clauses use Present Simple.
Formula
Structure
If / When + present simple, present simple
Example
If you heat water to 100°C, it boils. | When demand exceeds supply, prices rise.
Signal Words
ifwhenwheneveras soon asevery timealwaysin generaltypically
Example Sentences
If you collect customer data, you must comply with data protection laws.
When demand exceeds supply, prices rise.
If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
Whenever the system detects an error, it sends an alert.
If the server load exceeds 90%, performance degrades.
When you freeze water, it expands by about 9%.
If employees work overtime, they receive additional pay.
When a transaction fails, the system automatically retries.
If you press the red button, the alarm activates.
When revenue falls below the target, management reviews the strategy.
Common Mistakes
When water will freeze, it expands.
When water freezes, it expands.
NEVER use 'will' after 'if/when' in a Zero Conditional — use Present Simple in BOTH clauses.
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